fibre to fabric class 6

FIBRE TO FABRIC -IMPORTANT TOPICS TO LEARN

fibre to fabric class 6

            

fabric

FIBRE →YARN → FABRIC

cotton fibre

↓

yarn

↓

fabric

Fabrics are made up of yarns and yarns are made up of fibres.

Fibres are classified into two types:

*Natural fibres

   *Synthetic fibres

Examples of natural fibres- cotton, wool, silk, jute (obtained from plants and animals)

Examples of synthetic fibres - nylon, polyester, acrylic (man-made)

LET'S SEE HOW SOME PLANT FIBRES ARE MADE.

COTTON

Where does this cotton come from? Cotton is grown in fields and black soil is the best soil for cotton cultivation. They grow well in a warm climate. Fruit of the cotton plants is called cotton bolls. When the bolls burst open on maturing, it is collected. Fibres can be separated from the seeds by combing.

Ginning- the process of separating fibres from the seeds of cotton bolls is called ginning. It is done traditionally by hand and nowadays by machines.

cotton field

cotton bolls

SPINNING OF COTTON YARN

We can make yarn from fibres.

Fibres from a mass of cotton are drawn out and twisted to make a yarn. This process is called spinning.

The device used for spinning is a hand spindle (takli in Hindi) and another device used is Charkha (Hindi) which was popularized by Mahatma Gandhi. On a large scale, spinning is done by spinning machines.

spinning

YARN TO FABRIC

The main processes to make fabric from yarn are 

WEAVING and KNITTING.

WEAVING-The process of arranging two sets of yarns together to make a fabric is called weaving. It is done on looms which are hand-operated or power operated.

loom

loom

KNITTING - In knitting, a single yarn is used to make a fabric. Loops are made with yarn using knitting needles. It is done by hand or on machines. Sweaters and socks are made by knitting.

knitting

knitted sweater

knitted socks

      JUTE

jute yarn

• The fibre of jute is obtained from the stem of the jute plant.
• It is cultivated during the rainy season.
• It is harvested when it is at its flowering stage.
• The stems of the jute plants are immersed in water for a few days.
• The stems rot and fibres are separated from the stalks by a to and fro motion in water.
• The fibres are hung on bamboo railings for sun drying for 2-3 days.
• Then jute fibres are sold in the market for making different products like jute bags, fabrics, sacks etc.

jute farm

 

jute sacks

In this topic, you have learnt about different types of fibres and the production of plant fibres like cotton and jute. In higher grades you will learn about animal fibres like silk and wool.certain synthetic fibres and its uses are also there to enrich your knowledge about fibres and fabric.